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Tengrinews.kz – Bioactive molecules contained in fatty fish such as sardines, mackerel, herring, and other seafood can reduce the risk of cancer metastasis, as well as selectively affect the components of cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. Scientists from the University of Tours in France told The Conversation about this, according to Gazeta.Ru.
According to scientists, marine animals are sources of unique lipids that have antitumor properties and can be used to treat cancer. These lipids can act both when consumed as food and as part of specialized drugs.
One notable example is cytarabine, a chemotherapy drug for leukemia that is based on compounds found in the Caribbean sponge Cryptotethya crypta. The lipid mildew, also derived from marine sources, has been shown to be effective in treating cutaneous metastases of breast cancer.
The scientists added that marine lipids, including omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), can affect the behavior of cancer cells. EPA, for example, binds to the SK3 ion channel, which regulates cancer cell migration and tumor aggressiveness. While low levels of EPA and another omega-3 acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are associated with severe forms of breast cancer, including bone metastases.
In new research, French scientists have discovered two classes of endogenous lipids - alkyl and alkenyl. These lipids affect the SK3 channel, regulating cancer cell migration. Alkenyl lipids suppress SK3 activity, reducing tumor aggressiveness, while alkyl lipids activate this channel, promoting metastasis.
Alkenyl lipids are found in the tissues of shellfish and in the liver oil of cartilaginous fish such as sharks and rays.
