Japanese public support for Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has dropped in the days since his ruling coalition rammed through legislation allowing the nation's troops to fight abroad.
Billionaire Donald Trump has extended his lead over the Republican presidential field, while Democratic overall frontrunner Hillary Clinton now trails underdog Bernie Sanders in the key early voting state of Iowa.
The centre-left party of Italian premier Matteo Renzi faced battles in regional elections, exit polls showed, after balloting which is also seen as a measure of the fading fortunes of ex-leader Silvio Berlusconi.
Ireland waited Saturday to learn the outcome of a historic referendum on same-sex marriage, with crowds of anxiously optimistic "Yes" supporters expected at Dublin Castle to hear the result.
AFP correspondents said, for elections to determine whether Israelis still want incumbent Benjamin Netanyahu as leader, or will seek change after six years.
Seventy-three percent of Americans expect to see a female president in their lifetime, even as men are expected to maintain their dominant role in business.
Poland's ex-communist social democrats tapped a political unknown with model good looks and a doctorate degree in history for the May presidential vote.
Croatia's atypical president Ivo Josipovic is running for re-election with an emphasis on the more conventional promise of restoring economic health to the European Union's newest member.
Italy has a rising star: Matteo Salvini, head of the Euro-sceptic Northern League, is scoring high in the polls as he bids to fill the political vacuum on the right left by Silvio Berlusconi.
Russia endorsed a crushing victory for Ukraine's pro-Moscow rebel leadership after controversial polls that the EU slammed as a "new obstacle" for peace.