Unexpected factor affecting dementia development revealed

Tengrinews.kz — A lack of free time, or so-called “time inequality,” may increase the risk of developing dementia. This conclusion was reached by researchers from the University of New South Wales (UNSW) in Australia, as reported by Science Alert.

According to the scientists, maintaining brain health requires around 10 hours a day dedicated to essential activities — proper sleep, healthy eating, physical activity, and social interaction. However, for many people, especially those caring for relatives or working under difficult conditions, this is simply not possible.

“Time poverty” — a hidden enemy of brain health

“Up to 45 percent of dementia cases worldwide could be prevented if modifiable risk factors were eliminated. However, many people simply don’t have the discretionary time to exercise, rest properly, eat healthily, or stay socially connected,” said epidemiologist Susanne Röhr.

Researchers refer to this phenomenon as “time poverty” — an invisible barrier to reducing the risk of dementia. The modern pace of life, constant work pressure, and responsibilities toward children and elderly relatives often deprive people of the ability to make health-oriented choices.

The study emphasizes that the lack of time is distributed unequally. Women still perform the majority of caregiving duties, and people with low incomes are more often forced to work longer hours or on unstable schedules.

“For many, especially those in disadvantaged or caregiving roles, this simply isn’t achievable under current conditions. Addressing time poverty is therefore essential if we are serious about preventing dementia,” explained psychologist Simone Reppermund.

What scientists propose

To tackle the issue, researchers suggest a comprehensive set of measures: expanding public support systems, improving access to childcare, adopting more flexible work arrangements (including a four-day workweek), enhancing public transportation, and legally ensuring the right to disconnect from work outside working hours.

According to neuropsychiatrist Perminder Sachdev, it is important to treat time as a social resource — just as governments fight income inequality, they must also combat inequality in time.

Scientists warn that if no action is taken, dementia cases worldwide will continue to rise — with the most vulnerable groups suffering the most.

The study was published in The Lancet Healthy Longevity.