Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, a fierce critic of Bashar al-Assad, suggested for the first time that the Syrian president could have a role to play in a future political transition.
Russia's military backing for the Syrian regime only risks sending more extremists to the war-torn country and could further hamper any effort at bringing peace.
The White House said it was open to limited talks with Moscow following the controversial deployment of Russian troops and heavy weapons to war-torn Syria.
Russia wants talks with the US military to ensure their forces do not come into conflict as it continues its build-up in Syria, Secretary of State John Kerry said.
French President Francois Hollande, whose country is carrying out surveillance flights over Syria, said it would be "necessary" to carry out air strikes against Islamic State militants there.
President Barack Obama has asked for at least 10,000 Syrian refugees to be admitted to the United States next year, amid criticism his government has done too little to help.
Chancellor Angela Merkel won a hero's welcome as she visited a Berlin migrant centre, with Syrians cheering and taking selfies as Germany threw open its doors to thousands of refugees.
Some 13,000 Palestinian structures in the West Bank are currently under Israeli demolition orders, leaving residents and homes "in a state of chronic uncertainty and threat".
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said he would not allow Israel to be "submerged" by refugees after calls for the Jewish state to take in those fleeing Syria's war.
Russian President Vladimir Putin said that Syrian President Bashar al-Assad was willing to hold early parliamentary elections and share power with the "healthy" opposition.
Britain promised to take in thousands more Syrian refugees and give 100 million pounds in extra aid, as their plight raised pressure on European leaders.
A market in fake Syrian passports has sprung up, particularly in Turkey, to help migrants and refugees enter the EU, the head of Europe's border agency Frontex said.